H.R. 5050: Safety and Opportunity for Girls Act of 2025 (119th Congress) Bill Summary

This bill, titled the Safety and Opportunity for Girls Act of 2025, proposes modifications to Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. The key aspects of the bill are as follows:

Definitions

Female: Defined as a person who naturally has, had, will have, or would have (with exceptions for congenital anomalies, historical accidents, or disruptions) a reproductive system that produces eggs.
Male: Defined similarly, referring to a person with a reproductive system that produces sperm.
Sex: Refers to the biological categories of male or female.
Sex-segregated: Refers to spaces or programs that are limited to one sex.

Provisions Related to Educational Institutions

The bill states that nothing in Title IX should:

Prohibit or require educational institutions from maintaining sex-segregated spaces, which includes bathrooms and locker rooms.
Prohibit or require educational institutions from maintaining sex-segregated athletic or academic programs.

In other words, the bill aims to clarify protections related to sex and sex-segregated spaces within educational settings, reinforcing the ability of institutions to have areas and programs that are designated exclusively for one biological sex without the risk of losing federal funding. This provision seeks to address ongoing debates regarding the inclusion and rights of transgender individuals in sex-segregated spaces and programs as previously interpreted under Title IX.

Impact on Title IX Federal Funding

The legislation makes it clear that the Secretary of Education cannot condition federal funding on a school’s adherence to policies regarding maintaining sex-segregated spaces or programs. This could influence how institutions design their policies related to gender and sex in educational contexts.

Overall Goals

The main goal of this bill is to establish clear definitions and protections for biological females and males in educational environments, thus aiming to provide safety and opportunities for girls, particularly in sports and other areas traditionally separated by sex.