H.R. 1471: VA Appeals Reform Act of 2025

The VA Appeals Reform Act of 2025 proposes several changes to improve how veterans can appeal decisions related to their benefits. Here’s a simple breakdown of what the bill aims to do:

1. Improved Assistance for Claimants

The bill requires that if a veteran asks for help with their claim, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) must provide certain documents within 90 days, including:

• The veteran's claims file
• A copy of relevant documents related to the claim
• Contact information for the individual handling the claim
• Contact information and credentials for any medical experts involved
• Any correspondence related to the claim from VA employees

The VA must keep assisting the claimant until a hearing is scheduled to decide the appeal.

2. Changes to the Appeals Process

The bill introduces requirements for clearer communication about claims decisions, including:

• Providing a summary of why a claim was denied, including what evidence was missing.
• In higher-level reviews, veterans can add new evidence before the claim is reviewed again.
• If errors are found in the original decision, the claim can be sent back to the original jurisdiction for reconsideration.

3. Expedited Processing for Certain Claims

Claims that are returned or remanded must be processed quickly, specifically within 90 days after they are sent back to the Veterans Benefits Administration.

4. Regulation of Attorney Fees

When filing an appeal, attorneys can charge a reasonable fee, which is capped at either $200 or 20% of any initial payment related to the claim.

5. Enhanced Oversight and Accountability

The bill aims to improve the performance of administrative law judges and require regular reviews of their performance. This includes specific standards for evaluating their decision-making and handling of cases.

6. Electronic Case Management System

The VA is directed to establish an electronic filing and case management system, enabling:

• A database of documents related to appeals
• Attorneys to access relevant information more efficiently
• Veterans to submit documents electronically through this system

7. Greater Transparency and Accessibility

Veterans must be provided with access to hearing transcripts and recordings at no cost. Moreover, the bill seeks to expand the jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims for greater oversight of decisions related to veterans' appeals.

8. Revisions to Legal Terminology and Processes

Changes are also proposed to legal terms used in evaluating cases, which would give courts wider latitude to review decisions made by VA officials.

9. Provisions for Medical Records

The bill includes improvements regarding the disclosure of medical records to both the veteran and their attorney, ensuring they can effectively use this information during appeals.

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